Open Access Research

A supplement to the convergence rate in a theorem of Heyde

Jianjun He* and Tingfan Xie

Author Affiliations

Department of Mathematics, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China

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Journal of Inequalities and Applications 2012, 2012:195 doi:10.1186/1029-242X-2012-195


The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195


Received:27 May 2012
Accepted:20 August 2012
Published:4 September 2012

© 2012 He and Xie; licensee Springer

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Let <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M1','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M1">View MathML</a> be a sequence of i.i.d. random variables with zero mean, set <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M2','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M2">View MathML</a>, <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M3','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M3">View MathML</a>, and <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M4','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M4">View MathML</a>. In this paper, the authors discuss the rate of approximation of <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M5','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M5">View MathML</a> by <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M6','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M6">View MathML</a> under suitable conditions, improve the results of Klesov (Theory Probab. Math. Stat. 49:83-87, 1994), and extend the work He and Xie (Acta Math. Appl. Sin. 2012, doi:10.1007/s10255-012-0138-6).

MSC: 60F15, 60G50.

Keywords:
convergence rate; i.i.d. random variable; theorem of Heyde

1 Introduction and main results

Let <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M1','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M1">View MathML</a> be a sequence of i.i.d. random variables, set <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M2','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M2">View MathML</a>, and <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M4','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M4">View MathML</a>. Heyde [1] proved that

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M10','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M10">View MathML</a>

whenever <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M11','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M11">View MathML</a> and <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M12','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M12">View MathML</a>.

There are various extensions of this result: Chen [2], Gut and Spǎtara [3], Lanzinger and Stadtmüller [4]. Liu and Lin [5] introduced a new kind of complete moment convergence; Klesov [6] studied the rate of approximation of <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M5','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M5">View MathML</a> by <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M6','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M6">View MathML</a> and proved the following Theorem A.

Theorem ALet<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M1','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M1">View MathML</a>be a sequence of i.i.d. random variables with zero mean, if<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M3','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M3">View MathML</a>, and<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M17','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M17">View MathML</a>, then

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M18','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M18">View MathML</a>

Recently, He and Xie [7] obtained Theorem B which improved Theorem A. Gut and Steinebach [8] extended the results of Klesov [6].

Theorem BLet<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M1','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M1">View MathML</a>be a sequence of i.i.d. random variables, and<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M20','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M20">View MathML</a>, if

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M21','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M21">View MathML</a>

then

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M22','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M22">View MathML</a>

Let G be the set of functions <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M23','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M23">View MathML</a> that are defined for all real x and satisfy the following conditions: (a) <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M23','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M23">View MathML</a> is nonnegative, even, nondecreasing in the interval <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M25','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M25">View MathML</a>, and <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M26','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M26">View MathML</a> for <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M27','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M27">View MathML</a>; (b) <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M28','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M28">View MathML</a> is nondecreasing in the interval <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M25','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M25">View MathML</a>.

Let <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M30','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M30">View MathML</a> be the set of functions <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M31','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M31">View MathML</a> satisfying the supplementary condition (c) <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M32','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M32">View MathML</a>. Obviously, the function <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M33','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M33">View MathML</a> with <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M34','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M34">View MathML</a> belongs to <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M30','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M30">View MathML</a> and does not belong to <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M30','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M30">View MathML</a> if <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M37','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M37">View MathML</a>. The purpose of this paper is to generalize Theorem B to the case where the condition <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M38','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M38">View MathML</a> is replaced by a more general condition <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M39','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M39">View MathML</a> in which the function g belongs to some subset of G. Denote <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M40','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M40">View MathML</a>, <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M41','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M41">View MathML</a> is a nonnegative nonincreasing function in the interval <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M42','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M42">View MathML</a>, and <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M43','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M43">View MathML</a> with <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M44','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M44">View MathML</a>. Now we state our results as follows.

Theorem 1.1Let<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M45','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M45">View MathML</a>be a sequence of i.i.d. random variables with zero mean and<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M3','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M3">View MathML</a>, if<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M44','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M44">View MathML</a>for some function<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M31','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M31">View MathML</a>, and

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M49','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M49">View MathML</a>

(1.1)

then

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M50','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M50">View MathML</a>

(1.2)

where<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M51','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M51">View MathML</a>, <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M52','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M52">View MathML</a>.

Theorem 1.2Under the conditions of Theorem 1.1, and<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M53','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M53">View MathML</a>, then

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M54','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M54">View MathML</a>

(1.3)

Throughout this paper, we suppose that C denotes a constant which only depends on some given numbers and may be different at each appearance, and that <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M55','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M55">View MathML</a> denotes the integer part of x.

2 Proofs of the main results

Before we prove the main results we state some lemmas. Lemma 2.1 is from [7]. <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M56','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M56">View MathML</a> is the standard normal distribution function, <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M57','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M57">View MathML</a>.

Lemma 2.1Let<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M1','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M1">View MathML</a>be a sequence of i.i.d. standard normal distribution random variables. Then

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M59','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M59">View MathML</a>

(2.1)

If<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M60','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M60">View MathML</a>is a sequence of independent random variables with zero mean and finite variance, and put<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M61','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M61">View MathML</a>, <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M62','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M62">View MathML</a>, Bikelis[9]obtained the following inequality:

for everyx, where<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M64','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M64">View MathML</a>is the distribution function of the random variable<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M65','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M65">View MathML</a>. By applying the above inequality to the sequence of i.i.d. random variables with zero mean and variance 1, and letting<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M66','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M66">View MathML</a>, we have the following lemma.

Lemma 2.2Let<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M1','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M1">View MathML</a>be a sequence of i.i.d. random variables with zero mean and<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M68','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M68">View MathML</a>. Then for any given<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M69','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M69">View MathML</a>, we have

where<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M71','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M71">View MathML</a>is the distribution function of a random variableX.

Proof of Theorem 1.1 Without loss of generality, we suppose that <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M72','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M72">View MathML</a>, <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M73','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M73">View MathML</a>, and write

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M74','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M74">View MathML</a>

where

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M75','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M75">View MathML</a>

Applying Lemma 2.1, we obtain

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M76','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M76">View MathML</a>

then

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M77','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M77">View MathML</a>

here <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M78','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M78">View MathML</a>. By Lemma 2.2,

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M79','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M79">View MathML</a>

where

We obtain

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M81','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M81">View MathML</a>

(2.2)

Firstly, we estimate <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M82','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M82">View MathML</a>. Note that

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M83','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M83">View MathML</a>

Applying the condition <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M44','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M44">View MathML</a>, we have

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M85','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M85">View MathML</a>

Therefore, for any <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M86','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M86">View MathML</a>, there is an integer <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M87','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M87">View MathML</a> such that <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M88','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M88">View MathML</a>, whenever <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M89','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M89">View MathML</a>. Hence

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M90','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M90">View MathML</a>

(2.3)

where <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M91','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M91">View MathML</a>. For <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M92','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M92">View MathML</a>, noting that <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M31','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M31">View MathML</a>, we have the following inequality:

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M94','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M94">View MathML</a>

(2.4)

Next, we estimate the second term of (2.2). Note that

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M95','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M95">View MathML</a>

For <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M96','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M96">View MathML</a>, we can write

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M97','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M97">View MathML</a>

Noting that <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M28','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M28">View MathML</a> is nondecreasing in the interval <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M25','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M25">View MathML</a>, we have

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M100','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M100">View MathML</a>

(2.5)

where <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M101','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M101">View MathML</a>.

Similarly, we can obtain

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M102','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M102">View MathML</a>

(2.6)

where <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M103','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M103">View MathML</a>.

For <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M104','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M104">View MathML</a>, we write

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M105','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M105">View MathML</a>

Using the properties of <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M23','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M23">View MathML</a> by simple calculation, it follows that

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M107','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M107">View MathML</a>

(2.7)

and

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M108','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M108">View MathML</a>

(2.8)

From (2.2) to (2.8), we conclude that

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M109','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M109">View MathML</a>

(2.9)

Since

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M110','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M110">View MathML</a>

and

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M111','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M111">View MathML</a>

by (2.9), we have

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M112','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M112">View MathML</a>

This completes the proof of Theorem 1.1. □

Proof of Theorem 1.2 By the conditions <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M53','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M53">View MathML</a>, and <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M32','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M32">View MathML</a>, for any <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M86','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M86">View MathML</a>, there is an integer <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M116','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M116">View MathML</a> such that <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M117','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M117">View MathML</a>, whenever <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M118','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M118">View MathML</a>. We have

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M119','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M119">View MathML</a>

(2.10)

and

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M120','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M120">View MathML</a>

(2.11)

By (2.9)-(2.11), note that <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M121','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M121">View MathML</a>, as <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M122','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M122">View MathML</a>, we have

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M123','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M123">View MathML</a>

This completes the proof of Theorem 1.2. □

Remark 2.1 If <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M33','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M33">View MathML</a>, <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M125','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M125">View MathML</a>, then <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M126','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M126">View MathML</a>, <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M127','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M127">View MathML</a>. By Theorem 1.2, we get

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M128','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M128">View MathML</a>

Remark 2.2 If <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M129','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M129">View MathML</a>, <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M37','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M37">View MathML</a>, then <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M131','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M131">View MathML</a>, <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M132','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M132">View MathML</a>, <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M133','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M133">View MathML</a>, <a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M134','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M134">View MathML</a>. By (2.9), we get

<a onClick="popup('http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M135','MathML',630,470);return false;" target="_blank" href="http://www.journalofinequalitiesandapplications.com/content/2012/1/195/mathml/M135">View MathML</a>

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Authors’ contributions

All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Acknowledgements

The authors are very grateful to the referees and editors for their valuable comments and some helpful suggestions that improved the clarity and readability of the paper.

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