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Φ-Admissible singular operators and their commutators on vanishing generalized Orlicz-Morrey spaces
Journal of Inequalities and Applications volume 2014, Article number: 143 (2014)
Abstract
We study the boundedness of Φ-admissible singular operators and their commutators on vanishing generalized Orlicz-Morrey spaces including their weak versions. These conditions are satisfied by most of the operators in harmonic analysis, such as the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator, the Calderón-Zygmund singular integral operator and so on. In all the cases the conditions for the boundedness are given in terms of Zygmund-type integral inequalities on weights without assuming any monotonicity property of on r.
MSC:42B20, 42B25, 42B35, 46E30.
1 Introduction
As is well known Morrey [1] introduced the classical Morrey spaces to investigate the local behavior of solutions to second order elliptic partial differential equations (PDE). We recall its definition as
where , . Here and everywhere in the sequel stands for the ball in of radius r centered at x. Let be the Lebesgue measure of the ball and , where . was an expansion of in the sense that . We also denote by the weak Morrey space of all functions for which
where denotes the weak -space.
Morrey found that many properties of solutions to PDE can be attributed to the boundedness of some operators on Morrey spaces. Maximal functions and singular integrals play a key role in harmonic analysis, since maximal functions could control crucial quantitative information concerning the given functions, despite their larger size, while singular integrals, with the Hilbert transform as their prototype, nowadays are intimately connected with PDE, operator theory, and other fields.
Orlicz spaces, introduced in [2, 3], are generalizations of Lebesgue spaces . They are useful tools in harmonic analysis and its applications. For example, the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is bounded on for , but not on . Using Orlicz spaces, we can investigate the boundedness of the maximal operator near more precisely (see [4, 5] and [6]).
Let . The Hardy-Littlewood maximal function of f is defined by
The Calderón-Zygmund singular integral operator is defined by
and bounded on , where is a ‘standard singular kernel’, that is, a continuous function defined on and satisfying the estimates
It is well known that the maximal and singular integral operators play an important role in harmonic analysis (see [7, 8]).
Remark 1.1 The Calderón-Zygmund singular integral operators K are bounded and expressed as (1.1) for all , with standard kernel k. Then one can prove that K is of weak type and type , , for , and then K is uniquely extended to an -bounded operator by the density of in . On the other hand, is not dense in Morrey spaces in general. Therefore, we need to give a precise definition of Kf for the function f in Morrey spaces, for example,
for some ball B which contains x, proving the absolute convergence of the integral in the second term and the independence of the choice of the ball B (see [9, 10] for example). Also, is dense in the Orlicz spaces if and only if Φ satisfies the condition.
The main purpose of this paper is to find sufficient conditions on general Young function Φ and functions , which ensure the boundedness of the sublinear operators generated by singular integral operators from vanishing generalized Orlicz-Morrey spaces to another , from to vanishing weak generalized Orlicz-Morrey spaces and the boundedness of the commutator of the sublinear operators from to .
There are several kinds of Orlicz-Morrey spaces in the literature. The first kind is due to Nakai [9] and the second kind is due to Sawano et al. [11]. Our definition (see [12]) should be called ‘generalized Orlicz-Morrey space of the third kind’. For the boundedness of the operators of harmonic analysis on Orlicz-Morrey spaces, see also [10–19]. For details see Remark 9 in [13] and references therein.
By we mean that with some positive constant C independent of appropriate quantities. If and , we write and say that A and B are equivalent.
2 Preliminaries
We recall the definition of Young functions.
Definition 2.1 A function is called a Young function if Φ is convex, left-continuous, , and .
From the convexity and it follows that any Young function is increasing. If there exists such that , then for .
Let be the set of all Young functions Φ such that
If , then Φ is absolutely continuous on every closed interval in and bijective from to itself.
Definition 2.2 (Orlicz space)
For a Young function Φ, the set
is called Orlicz space. If , , then . If () and (), then . The space endowed with the natural topology is defined as the set of all functions f such that for all balls . We refer to the books [20–22] for the theory of Orlicz spaces.
is a Banach space with respect to the norm
We note that, from the Fatou lemma,
For a measurable set , a measurable function f, and , let
In the case , we shortly denote it by .
Definition 2.3 The weak Orlicz space
is defined by the norm
For a Young function Φ and , let
If , then is the usual inverse function of Φ. We note that
A Young function Φ is said to satisfy the -condition, denoted by , if
for some . If , then . A Young function Φ is said to satisfy the -condition, denoted also by , if
for some . The function satisfies the -condition but does not satisfy the -condition. If , then satisfies both conditions. The function satisfies the -condition but does not satisfy the -condition.
For a Young function Φ, the complementary function is defined by
The complementary function is also a Young function and . If , then for and for . If , and , then . If , then . Note that if and only if . It is well known that
Note that Young functions satisfy the properties
The following analog of the Hölder inequality is well known; see [23].
Theorem 2.4 [23]
For a Young function Φ and its complementary function , the following inequality is valid:
The following lemma is valid. See, for example [19, 24, 25].
Lemma 2.5 Let Φ be a Young function and B a set in with finite Lebesgue measure. Then
In the next sections where we prove our main estimates, we use the following lemma, which follows from Theorem 2.4, Lemma 2.5, and (2.2).
Lemma 2.6 For a Young function Φ and , the following inequality is valid:
Let T be a sublinear operator, that is, .
Definition 2.7 (Φ-admissible singular operator)
Let Φ any Young function. A sublinear operator T will be called Φ-admissible singular operator, if:
-
(1)
T satisfies the size condition of the form
(2.3)for and ;
-
(2)
T is bounded in .
In the case , , the Φ-admissible singular operator will be called the p-admissible singular operator.
Definition 2.8 (Weak Φ-admissible singular operator)
Let Φ any Young function. A sublinear operator T will be called the weak Φ-admissible singular operator, if:
-
(1)
T satisfies the size condition (2.3).
-
(2)
T is bounded from to the weak .
In the case , . the weak Φ-admissible singular operator will be called weak p-admissible singular operator.
Remark 2.9 Note that in [14], Φ-admissible singular operators and weak Φ-admissible singular operators were introduced and their boundedness on generalized Orlicz-Morrey spaces was studied. Also in [26], p-admissible singular operators were introduced and their boundedness on vanishing generalized Morrey spaces was studied.
Definition 2.10 (Generalized Orlicz-Morrey space)
Let be a positive measurable function on and Φ any Young function. We denote by the generalized Orlicz-Morrey space, the space of all functions with finite quasinorm
Also by we denote the weak generalized Orlicz-Morrey space of all functions for which
According to this definition, we recover the generalized Morrey space and weak generalized Morrey space under the choice , :
The vanishing generalized Morrey space which was introduced and studied by Samko [26] is defined as follows.
Definition 2.11 (Vanishing generalized Morrey space)
Let be a positive measurable function on and . The vanishing generalized Morrey space is defined as the space of functions such that
Extending the definition of vanishing generalized Morrey spaces to the case of Orlicz-Morrey spaces, we introduce the following definitions.
Definition 2.12 (Vanishing generalized Orlicz-Morrey space)
The vanishing generalized Orlicz-Morrey space is defined as the space of functions such that
Definition 2.13 (Vanishing weak generalized Orlicz-Morrey space)
The vanishing weak generalized Orlicz-Morrey space is defined as the space of functions such that
If we choose , at Definition 2.12, we get Definition 2.11. The vanishing Morrey space of the classical Morrey space was introduced by Vitanza in [27] and applied there to obtain a regularity result for elliptic partial differential equations. Later in [28] Vitanza proved an existence theorem for a Dirichlet problem, under weaker assumptions than those introduced by Miranda in [29], and a regularity result assuming that the partial derivatives of the coefficients of the highest and lower order terms belong to a vanishing Morrey space depending on the dimension. Also Ragusa [30] proved a sufficient condition for commutators of fractional integral operators to belong to vanishing Morrey spaces . About commutator operators in vanishing Morrey spaces see the papers [30, 31].
Everywhere in the sequel we assume that
and
which makes the spaces and non-trivial, because bounded functions with compact support belong then to this space.
The spaces and are Banach spaces with respect to the norm
respectively. The spaces and are closed subspaces of the Banach spaces and , respectively, which may be shown by standard means.
3 Φ-Admissible singular operators in the spaces
In this section, sufficient conditions on φ for the boundedness of the Φ-admissible singular operator T in vanishing generalized Orlicz-Morrey spaces are obtained.
The known boundedness statement for the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator M and the Calderón-Zygmund singular integral operators K in Orlicz spaces runs as follows. For details of these results see [12].
Let Φ any Young function. Then the maximal operator M is bounded from to and for bounded in .
Let Φ be a Young function. If , then the operator K is bounded on and if , then the operator K is bounded from to .
The following lemma was a generalization of the Guliyev lemma for Orlicz spaces [33–35], and it was proved in [14].
Lemma 3.3 Let Φ any Young function and , , , and . Then for the Φ-admissible singular operator T the following inequality is valid:
and for the weak Φ-admissible singular operator T the following inequality is valid:
By using Lemma 3.3 the following statement was proved in [14].
Theorem 3.4 Let Φ any Young function, , , and Φ satisfy the condition
where C does not depend on x and r. Then a Φ-admissible singular operator T is bounded from to and a weak Φ-admissible singular operator T is bounded from to .
Theorem 3.5 Let Φ be a Young function. Let also , , Φ satisfy the conditions (2.4)-(2.5) and
for every , and
where does not depend on and . Then a Φ-admissible singular operator T is bounded from to and a weak Φ-admissible singular operator T is bounded from to .
Proof The statement is derived from Theorem 3.4.
So we only have to prove that
and
In this estimation we follow some ideas of [26] in such a passage to the limit in the case , but we base ourselves on Lemma 3.3.
To show that for small r, we split the right-hand side of (3.1):
where (we may take ), and
and
and it is supposed that . Now we choose any fixed such that
where C and are constants from (3.6) and (3.3). This allows one to estimate the first term uniformly in :
The estimation of the second term now may be made already by choosing r sufficiently small. Indeed, thanks to the condition (2.4) we have
where is the constant from (3.2). Then by (2.4) it suffices to choose r small enough such that
which completes the proof of (3.4).
The proof of (3.5) is similar to the proof of (3.4). □
Remark 3.6 The condition (3.2) is not needed in the case where does not depend on x, since (3.2) follows from (3.3) in these cases.
Remark 3.7 Note that from Theorems 3.1 and 3.2 that it is found that the maximal operator M and the singular integral operator K are the weak Φ-admissible singular operators for any Young function Φ and , respectively. Also the maximal operator M and the singular integral operator K are the Φ-admissible singular operators for the Young functions and , respectively.
From Remark 3.7 we get the following corollaries which were proved in [36].
Corollary 3.8 Let Φ be a Young function, , , and Φ satisfy the conditions (2.4)-(2.5) and (3.2)-(3.3). Then the maximal operator M is bounded from to and for , the operator M is bounded from to .
Corollary 3.9 Let Φ be a Young function, K be a Calderon-Zygmund singular operator with standard kernel and , , Φ satisfy the conditions (2.4)-(2.5) and (3.2)-(3.3). If , then the operator K is bounded from to and if , then the operator K is bounded from to .
4 Commutators of the Φ-admissible singular operators in the spaces and
It is well known that the commutator is an important integral operator and plays a key role in harmonic analysis. In 1965, Calderon [37, 38] studied a kind of commutators appearing in Cauchy integral problems of Lip-line. Let K be a Calderón-Zygmund singular integral operator and . A well-known result of Coifman et al. [39] states that the commutator operator is bounded on for . The commutator of Calderón-Zygmund operators plays an important role in studying the regularity of solutions of elliptic partial differential equations of second order. The boundedness result was generalized to other contexts and important applications to some non-linear PDEs were given by Coifman et al. [40].
We recall the definition of the space of .
Definition 4.1 Suppose that , let
where
Define
Modulo constants, the space is a Banach space with respect to the norm .
Remark 4.2
-
(1)
The John-Nirenberg inequality states that there are constants , such that for all and
-
(2)
The John-Nirenberg inequality implies that
(4.1)for .
-
(3)
Let . Then there is a constant such that
(4.2)
where C is independent of b, x, r, and t.
Definition 4.3 A Young function Φ is said to be of upper type p (resp. lower type p) for some , if there exists a positive constant C such that, for all (resp. ) and ,
Remark 4.4 We know that if Φ is lower type and upper type with , then . Conversely if , then Φ is lower type and upper type with (see [20]).
In the following lemma, which was proved in [13], we provide a generalization of the property (4.1) from -norms to Orlicz norms.
Lemma 4.5 Let and Φ be a Young function. Let Φ is lower type and upper type with , then
Remark 4.6 Note that the Lemma 4.5 for the variable exponent Lebesgue space case was proved in [41].
Definition 4.7 Let Φ be a Young function. Let
Remark 4.8 It is well known that if and only if (see, for example, [21]).
Remark 4.9 Remark 4.8 and Remark 4.4 show us that a Young function Φ is lower type and upper type with if and only if .
Definition 4.10 (Φ-admissible commutator singular operator)
Let Φ any Young function. For a function b, the sublinear commutator operator will be called a Φ-admissible commutator singular operator, if:
-
(1)
satisfies the size condition of the form
for and ;
-
(2)
is bounded in .
In the case , , the Φ-admissible commutator singular operator will be called a p-admissible commutator singular operator.
We will use the following statement on the boundedness of the weighted Hardy operator:
where w is a weight.
The following theorem was proved in [42].
Theorem 4.11 Let , , and w be weights on and be bounded outside a neighborhood of the origin. The inequality
holds for some for all non-negative and non-decreasing g on if and only if
Moreover, the value is the best constant for (4.3).
Remark 4.12 In (4.3) and (4.4) it is assumed that and .
Lemma 4.13 Let Φ be a Young function with , , be a Φ-admissible commutator singular operator, then the inequality
holds for any ball and for all .
Proof For arbitrary , set for the ball centered at and of radius r. Write with and . Hence
From the boundedness of in it follows that
For we have
Then
Let us estimate :
Applying Hölder’s inequality, by Lemma 4.5 and (4.2) we get
In order to estimate note that
By Lemma 4.5, we get
On the other hand by Fubini’s theorem we have
By Lemma 2.6 we get
Therefore using (4.7) at (4.6) we have
Summing and , we obtain
On the other hand, by (2.2) we get
and then
Finally,
and the statement of Lemma 4.13 follows by (4.9). □
Theorem 4.14 Let Φ be a Young function with , , be a Φ-admissible commutator singular operator, , , and Φ satisfy the condition
where C does not depend on x and r. Then the operator is bounded from to . Moreover,
Proof The statement of Theorem 4.14 follows by Lemma 4.13 and Theorem 4.11 in the same manner as in the proof of Theorem 3.4. □
If we take , at Theorem 4.14 we get the following result, which was proved at [43].
Corollary 4.15 Let , , be a p-admissible commutator singular operator and satisfies the condition
where C does not depend on x and r. Then the operator is bounded from to .
The commutator of the maximal operator is defined by
The known boundedness statement for the commutator operators and on Orlicz spaces runs as follows.
Theorem 4.16 [44]
Let Φ be a Young function with , . Then the operators and are bounded on .
For the commutator operators and from Theorem 4.14 we get the following corollaries, which were proved in [36].
Corollary 4.17 Let Φ be a Young function with , and , , and Φ satisfy the condition (4.10). Then the operators and are bounded from to .
Theorem 4.18 Let Φ be a Young function with , , be a Φ-admissible commutator singular operator. Let also , , Φ satisfy
where does not depend on and , and the conditions
and
for every . Then the operator is bounded from to .
Proof The proof follows more or less the same lines as for Theorem 3.5, but now the arguments are different due to the necessity to introduce the logarithmic factor into the assumptions.
The norm inequality having already been provided by Theorem 4.14, we only have to prove the implication
To check that
we use the estimate (4.5):
We take where will be chosen small enough and we split the integration:
where
and
We choose a fixed such that
where C and are constants from (4.15) and (4.11), which yields the estimate of the first term uniform in , .
For the second term, writing , we obtain
where is the constant from (4.13) with and is a similar constant with omitted logarithmic factor in the integrand. Then by (4.12) we can choose a small r such that , which completes the proof. □
Corollary 4.19 [36]
Let Φ be a Young function with , , and , , and Φ satisfy the conditions (4.11), (4.12), and (4.13). Then the operators and are bounded from to .
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Acknowledgements
The research of V Guliyev and F Deringoz were partially supported by the grant of Ahi Evran University Scientific Research Projects (PYO.FEN.4003.13.003), (PYO.FEN.4003-2.13.007) and (PYO.FEN.4009.14.001). We thank both referees for some good suggestions, which helped to improve the final version of this paper.
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This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. VSG raised these interesting problems in the research. VSG, FD and JJH proved the theorems, interpreted the results and wrote the article. All authors defined the research theme, and read and approved the manuscript.
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Guliyev, V.S., Deringoz, F. & Hasanov, J.J. Φ-Admissible singular operators and their commutators on vanishing generalized Orlicz-Morrey spaces. J Inequal Appl 2014, 143 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1186/1029-242X-2014-143
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1029-242X-2014-143