Direct and converse results in the Ba space for Jackson-Matsuoka polynomials on the unit sphere

Abstract

In this paper, we introduce K-functional and modulus of smoothness of the unit sphere in the Ba space, establish their relations and obtain the direct and converse theorem of approximation in the Ba space for Jackson-Matsuoka polynomials on the unit sphere of ${\mathbb{R}}^d$

MSC:41A25, 41A35, 41A63.

1 Introduction

Let $\mathbb{S}:={\mathbb{S}}^{d-1}=\{x:\parallel x\parallel =1\}$ denote the unit sphere in ${\mathbb{R}}^d$ ($d\ge 3$), $d\in \mathbb{N}$, where $\parallel x\parallel$ denotes the usual Euclidean norm, ${\mathbb{Z}}_{+}$ the set of nonnegative integers, and ℕ the set of positive integers. We denote by $L_p:=L_p(\mathbb{S})$, $1\le p\le \mathrm{\infty }$, the space of functions defined on with the finite norm

$${\parallel f\parallel }_p:=\{\begin{array}{cc}{({\int }_{\mathbb{S}}{|f(\varpi )|}^{p}d\varpi )}^{\frac{1}{p}},\hfill & 1\le p<\mathrm{\infty },\hfill \\ ess{sup}_{\varpi \in \mathbb{S}}|f(\varpi )|,\hfill & p=\mathrm{\infty },\hfill \end{array}$$

(1.1)

where $\varpi \in \mathbb{S}$, and dϖ is the measure element on , and $|{\mathbb{S}}^{d-1}|={\int }_{\mathbb{S}}d\varpi =\frac{2{\pi }^{\frac{d}{2}}}{\mathrm{\Gamma }(\frac{d}{2})}$ is the surface area of .

The conception of Ba space was first put forward by Ding and Luo (see [1]) in their discussion of the prior estimate of Laplace operator in some classical domains and in their study of the embedding theorem of Orlicz-Sobolev spaces, higher dimensional singular integrals, and harmonic function etc.

Definition 1.1 (see [1])

Let $B=\{B_1,B_2,\dots ,B_m,\dots \}$ be a sequence of linear normed function spaces, $a=\{a_1,a_2,\dots ,a_m,\dots \}$ be a sequence of nonnegative numbers. For $f\in {\bigcap }_{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{B}_m$, we form the power series of

$$I(f,\alpha ):=\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{a}_m{\alpha }^m{\parallel f\parallel }_{B_m}^m.$$

(1.2)

If $I(f,\alpha )$ has a non-zero radius of convergence, we say $f\in \mathit{Ba}$.

The norm in Ba is defined by

$${\parallel f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}:=\underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\frac{1}{\alpha }:I(f,\alpha )\le 1\}.$$

(1.3)

As proved in [1], Ba is a Banach space if $B_m$ is a Banach space. Evidently, if $B_m=L_m$, then Ba space is an Orlicz space. If $B_m=L_p$, $a=\{1,0,\dots ,0,\dots \}$, then a Ba space is a classical Lebesgue space.

Hereafter the space of spherical harmonics of degree k is denoted by ${\mathcal{H}}_k^d$. The Laplace-Beltrami operator on the unit sphere is denoted by

$$\mathfrak{D}f(\varpi ):={\mathrm{\Delta }f\left(\frac{\varpi }{|\varpi |}\right)|}_{\varpi \in \mathbb{S}},$$

(1.4)

which has eigenvalue ${\lambda }_k:=-k(k+d-2)$ corresponding to the eigenspace ${\mathcal{H}}_k^d$ with $k\in {\mathbb{Z}}_{+}$, namely, ${\mathcal{H}}_k^d=\{\mathrm{\Psi }\in C(\mathbb{S}):\mathfrak{D}\mathrm{\Psi }=-k(k+d-2)\mathrm{\Psi }\}$. For the properties of the space of spherical harmonics and the Laplace-Beltrami operators, see [2–4]. The standard Hilbert space theory shows that $L_2(\mathbb{S})={\sum }_{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}⨁{\mathcal{H}}_k^d$. The orthogonal projection $Y_k:L_2(\mathbb{S})\mapsto {\mathcal{H}}_k^d$ takes the form

$$Y_k(f;\varpi ):=\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }(\lambda )(k+\lambda )}{2{\pi }^{\lambda +1}}{\int }_{\mathbb{S}}{P}_k^{\lambda }(\varpi ,\vartheta )f(\vartheta )d\vartheta ,$$

(1.5)

where $2\lambda =d-2$, $P_k^{\lambda }$ denotes hyperspherical polynomials of degree k which satisfies ${(1-2rcos\theta +r^2)}^{-r}={\sum }_{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{r}^k{P}_k^{\lambda }(cos\theta )$, $0\le \theta \le \pi$.

The spherical means are denoted by

$$T_{\theta }(f):=T_{\theta }(f;\varpi ):=\frac{1}{|{\mathbb{S}}^{d-2}|{(sin\theta )}^{d-2}}{\int }_{〈\varpi ,\vartheta 〉=cos\theta }f(\vartheta )d\vartheta ,$$

where $|{\mathbb{S}}^{d-2}|$ is the surface area of ${\mathbb{S}}^{d-2}$, $〈x,y〉$ denotes the usual Euclidean inner product. The properties of the spherical means are well known (see [5, 6]).

Based on the classical Jackson-Matsuoka kernel (see [7]) we define a new kernel

$$M_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ):=\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\Omega }}_{n;j,i,s}}{\left(\frac{{sin}^{2j}n\theta /2}{{sin}^{2i}\theta /2}\right)}^{2s},n=1,2,\dots ,\theta \in \mathbb{R},$$

where $j,i,s\in \mathbb{N}$, ${\mathrm{\Omega }}_{n;j,i,s}$ is chosen such that ${\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta =1$. It is well known that $M_{n;j,i,s}(\theta )$ is an even nonnegative operator. In particular, it is an even and nonnegative trigonometric polynomial of degree at most $2s(nj+2j-2i)$ for $j\ge i$ and the Jackson polynomial for $j=i$. Using $M_{n;j,i,s}(\theta )$ we consider spherical convolution:

$$J_{n;j,i,s}(f;\varpi ):=(f\ast M_{n;j,i,s})(\varpi ):={\int }_0^{\pi }{T}_{\theta }(f;\varpi )M_{n;j,i,s}(\theta )(\theta ){sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta .$$

(1.6)

It is called the Jackson-Matsuoka polynomial on the unit sphere based on the Jackson-Matsuoka kernel. In particular, $(f_0\ast M_{n;j,i,s})(\varpi )=1$ for $f_0(\varpi )=1$. The classical Jackson-Matsuoka polynomial in classical $L_p$ space has been studied by many authors (see [7, 8]).

In this paper, we consider the approximation of the Jackson-Matsuoka polynomial on the unit sphere in the Ba space. Firstly, we introduce K-functionals, modulus of smoothness on the unit sphere in the Ba space, establish their relations. Then with the help of the relation between K-functionals and modulus of smoothness on the sphere in the Ba space and the properties of the spherical means, we obtain the direct and converse best approximation in the Ba space by Jackson-Matsuoka polynomial on the unit sphere of ${\mathbb{R}}^d$.

2 K-Functionals and modulus of smoothness

Definition 2.1 For $f\in \mathit{Ba}$, the modulus of smoothness on the unit sphere is given by

$$\omega {(f;t)}_{\mathit{Ba}}:=\underset{0<\theta \le t}{sup}{\parallel f-T_{\theta }(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}.$$

(2.1)

The K-functional of the unit sphere is given by

$$K{(f;t^2)}_{\mathit{Ba}}:=\underset{g\in W_{\mathit{Ba}}(\mathbb{S})}{inf}\{{\parallel f-g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}+t^2{\parallel \mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\},$$

(2.2)

where $W_{\mathit{Ba}}(\mathbb{S}):=\{f:f\in \mathit{Ba},\mathfrak{D}f\in \mathit{Ba}\}$, $0<t<t_0$, $t_0$ is a positive constant, $\mathfrak{D}f$ denotes the Laplace-Beltrami operator on the unit sphere.

To prove the weak equivalence between the K-functional and the modulus of smoothness on the unit sphere, we need the following lemma.

Lemma 2.2 Let $B=\{L_{p_1},L_{p_2},\dots ,L_{p_m},\dots \}$ be a sequence of Lebesgue spaces, $p_m\ge 1$, $m=1,2,\dots$ , $a=\{a_1,a_2,\dots ,a_m,\dots \}$ be a sequence of nonnegative numbers, $\{a_m^{\frac{1}{m}}\}\in l^{\mathrm{\infty }}$, $\{a_m^{-\frac{1}{m}}\}\in l^{\mathrm{\infty }}$. If $f\in \mathit{Ba}:={\bigcap }_{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{L}_{p_m}$, then

$${\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}\le \frac{1}{\mu }{\parallel f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}},$$

(2.3)

where $\mu ={inf}_{m\ge 1}\{a_m^{\frac{1}{m}}\}$.

Proof Since $\{a_m^{\frac{1}{m}}\}\in l^{\mathrm{\infty }}$, we may let $0<q={sup}_{m\ge 1}\{a_m^{\frac{1}{m}}\}\in L^{\mathrm{\infty }}$. From $\{a_m^{-\frac{1}{m}}\}\in l^{\mathrm{\infty }}$, we may let $\mu ={inf}_{m\ge 1}\{a_m^{\frac{1}{m}}\}$. Then $0<\mu <\mathrm{\infty }$.

In view of the ${\sum }_{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{a}_m{\alpha }^m{\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}^m\le 1$, the ${sup}_{m\ge 1}{\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}$ exists. Let

$$u=\underset{m\ge 1}{sup}\left\{{\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}\right\}.$$

By the definition of supremum, for any $\delta >0$, there exists $K\ge 1$, such that ${\parallel f\parallel }_{p_K}>u-\delta$. By the definition of ${\parallel f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}={inf}_{\alpha >0}\{\frac{1}{\alpha }:I(f,\alpha )\le 1\}$, for any $\epsilon >0$, there exists $\frac{1}{{\alpha }_1}$, such that ${\sum }_{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{a}_m{\alpha }_1^m{\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}^m\le 1$ holds. Therefore ${\parallel f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}={inf}_{\alpha >0}\{\frac{1}{\alpha }:I(f,\alpha )\}>\frac{1}{{\alpha }_1}-\epsilon$. Namely

$$1\ge \sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{a}_m{\alpha }_1^m{\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}^m\ge a_K{\alpha }_1^K{\parallel f\parallel }_{p_K}^K>{[a_K^{\frac{1}{K}}(u-\delta )]}^K\ge {[s{\alpha }_1(u-\delta )]}^K.$$

By the arbitrariness of δ,

$$\begin{array}{r}\frac{1}{{\alpha }_1}\ge \mu \cdot u=\mu \cdot \underset{m\ge 1}{sup}\left\{{\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}\right\},\\ {\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}>\frac{1}{{\alpha }_1}-\epsilon \ge \mu \cdot \underset{m\ge 1}{sup}\left\{{\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}\right\}-\epsilon ,\end{array}$$

and also ε is arbitrary, therefore

$$\underset{m\ge 1}{sup}\left\{{\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}\right\}\le \frac{1}{\mu }{\parallel f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}},$$

which implies that for any $p_m$, we have

$${\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}\le \frac{1}{\mu }{\parallel f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}.$$

The proof is completed. □

We will establish the weak equivalence between the K-functional and the modulus of smoothness on the unit sphere in the Ba space.

Theorem 2.3 Let $B=\{L_{p_1},L_{p_2},\dots ,L_{p_m},\dots \}$ be a sequence of Lebesgue spaces, $p_m\ge 1$, $m=1,2,\dots$ , $a=\{a_1,a_2,\dots ,a_m,\dots \}$ be a sequence of nonnegative numbers. If $\{a_m^{\frac{1}{m}}\}\in l^{\mathrm{\infty }}$, $\{a_m^{-\frac{1}{m}}\}\in l^{\mathrm{\infty }}$. Then for $f\in \mathit{Ba}$, $0<t<\frac{\pi }{2}$, the weak equivalence

$$\omega {(f;t)}_{\mathit{Ba}}\asymp K{(f;t^2)}_{\mathit{Ba}}$$

(2.4)

holds, where the weakly equivalent relation $A(n)\asymp B(n)$ means that $A(n)\ll B(n)$ and $B(n)\ll A(n)$, and relation $A_n\ll B_n$ means that there is a positive constant C independent on n such that $A(n)\le CB(n)$ holds.

Throughout this paper, C denotes a positive constant independent on n and f and $C(a)$ denotes a positive constant dependent on a, which may be different according to the circumstances.

Proof For $m=1,2,\dots$ , $g\in W_{\mathit{Ba}}(\mathbb{S})$, note that [9]

$$\begin{array}{c}{\parallel T_{\theta }g-g\parallel }_{p_m}\le C{\theta }^2{\parallel \mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{p_m},\hfill \\ {\parallel T_{\theta }f\parallel }_{p_m}\le {\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}.\hfill \end{array}$$

By the definition of the Ba-norm ${\parallel \cdot \parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}$ and (2.3), we have

$$\begin{array}{rcl}{\parallel T_{\theta }g-g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}& =& \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{a_m}{{\alpha }^m}{\parallel T_{\theta }g-g\parallel }_{p_m}^m\le 1\}\\ \le & \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{a_m}{{\alpha }^m}{C}^m{\theta }^{2m}{\parallel \mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{p_m}^m\le 1\}\\ \le & \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{C^m{q}^m}{{\alpha }^m}{\theta }^{2m}{\parallel \mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{p_m}^m\le 1\}\\ \le & \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{1}{{\alpha }^m}{\left(\frac{C\cdot q\cdot {\theta }^2}{\mu }{\parallel \mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\right)}^m\le 1\}.\end{array}$$

(2.5)

Let $\alpha =2\frac{C\cdot q\cdot {\theta }^2}{\mu }{\parallel \mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}$, then ${\sum }_{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{1}{{\alpha }^m}{(\frac{C\cdot q\cdot {\theta }^2}{\mu }{\parallel \mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}})}^m=1$. Consequently ${\sum }_{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{a_m}{{\alpha }^m}{\parallel T_{\theta }g-g\parallel }_{p_m}^m\le 1$. Therefore, we have

$${\parallel T_{\theta }g-g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\le C(q,\mu ){\theta }^2{\parallel \mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}.$$

(2.6)

The proof is similar to that of (2.6), we get

$${\parallel T_{\theta }(f-g)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\le C(q,\mu ){\parallel f-g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}.$$

(2.7)

The triangle inequality gives

$${\parallel T_{\theta }f-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\le 2{\parallel f-g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}+C(q,\mu ){\theta }^2{\parallel \mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}},$$

which shows that $\omega {(f;t)}_{\mathit{Ba}}\le C(q,\mu )K{(f;t^2)}_{\mathit{Ba}}$. On the other hand, we define

$$g(x)=v_0{\int }_0^{\theta }{(sinu)}^{-2\lambda }du{\int }_0^u{T}_{t}f(x){(sint)}^{2\lambda }dt$$

with $v_{\theta }^{-1}={\int }_0^{\theta }{(sinu)}^{-2\lambda }du{\int }_0^u{(sint)}^{2\lambda }dt$. Then $\mathfrak{D}g=v_{\theta }(T_{\theta }f-f)$, this also gives

$${\parallel \mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{p_m}\le C{\theta }^{-2}{\parallel T_{\theta }f-f\parallel }_{p_m}.$$

(2.8)

Since for $0\le \theta \le \frac{\pi }{2}$, the inequality $\frac{2}{\pi }\theta \le sin\theta \le \theta$ shows that $v_{\theta }^{-1}\asymp {\theta }^2$. Moreover,

$$f-g=v_{\theta }^{-1}{\int }_0^{\theta }{(sinu)}^{-2\lambda }du{\int }_0^u(T_t-f){(sint)}^{2\lambda }dt.$$

Consequently, we get

$${\parallel f-g\parallel }_{p_m}\le C{\parallel T_{\theta }f-f\parallel }_{p_m}.$$

(2.9)

By (2.8) and (2.9), similar to the proof of (2.6), we obtain

$${\parallel \mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\le C{\theta }^{-2}{\parallel T_{\theta }f-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}$$

(2.10)

and

$${\parallel f-g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\le C{\parallel T_{\theta }f-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}.$$

(2.11)

Combining (2.10), (2.11), and the definition of K-functional, we have

$$\begin{array}{rcl}K{(f;{\theta }^2)}_{\mathit{Ba}}& \le & {\parallel f-g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}+{\theta }^2{\parallel \mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\\ \le & C{\parallel T_{\theta }f-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}+C{\theta }^{-2}{\theta }^2{\parallel T_{\theta }f-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\\ \le & C{\parallel T_{\theta }f-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}.\end{array}$$

(2.12)

Thus

$$K{(f;t^2)}_{\mathit{Ba}}\le C\omega {(f;t)}_{\mathit{Ba}}.$$

 □

Corollary 2.4 For $t\ge 0$, there is a constant C such that

$$\omega {(f;t\delta )}_{\mathit{Ba}}\le Cmax\{1,t^2\}\omega {(f;\delta )}_{\mathit{Ba}}.$$

(2.13)

Proof By the weakly equivalent relation between the modulus of smoothness and K-functional, and the definition of $K{(f;t^2)}_{\mathit{Ba}}$, we have

$$\begin{array}{rcl}\omega {(f;t\delta )}_{\mathit{Ba}}& \le & CK{(f;{(t\delta )}^2)}_{\mathit{Ba}}\le C({\parallel f-g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}+t^2{\delta }^2{\parallel \mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}})\\ \le & Cmax\{1,t^2\}({\parallel f-g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}+{\delta }^2{\parallel \mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}})\\ \le & Cmax\{1,t^2\}K{(f;{\delta }^2)}_{\mathit{Ba}}\le Cmax\{1,t^2\}\omega {(f;\delta )}_{\mathit{Ba}}.\end{array}$$

Corollary 2.4 has been proved. □

3 Some lemmas

Lemma 3.1 Let ${\mathrm{\Omega }}_{n;j,i,s}={\int }_0^{\pi }{(\frac{{sin}^{2j}\frac{n\theta }{2}}{{sin}^{2i}\frac{\theta }{2}})}^{2s}{sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta$. Then the weak equivalence

$${\mathrm{\Omega }}_{n;j,i,s}\asymp n^{4is-2\lambda -1}$$

(3.1)

holds for $4si>2\lambda +1$, $j\ge i$.

Proof As $\frac{\theta }{\pi }\le sin\frac{\theta }{2}\le \frac{\theta }{2}$, and $sin\theta \le \theta$ for $0\le \theta \le \pi$, we have

$$\begin{array}{rcl}{\mathrm{\Omega }}_{n;j,i,s}& =& {\int }_0^{\pi }{\left(\frac{{sin}^{2j}\frac{n\theta }{2}}{{sin}^{2i}\frac{\theta }{2}}\right)}^{2s}{sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta \\ \asymp & n^{4is-2\lambda -1}{\int }_0^{n\pi /2}{t}^{2\lambda }{\left(\frac{{sin}^{2j}t}{t^{2i}}\right)}^{2s}dt\\ \asymp & n^{4is-2\lambda -1}({\int }_0^{\pi /2}{t}^{2\lambda }{\left(\frac{{sin}^{2j}t}{t^{2i}}\right)}^{2s}dt+{\int }_{\pi /2}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{t}^{2\lambda }{\left(\frac{{sin}^{2j}t}{t^{2i}}\right)}^{2s}dt)\\ \asymp & n^{4is-2\lambda -1},\end{array}$$

(3.2)

since $4si>2\lambda +1$, $j\ge i$. Lemma 3.1 has been proved. □

Lemma 3.2 For $4is>r+2\lambda +1$, $j\ge i$, $r\in \mathbb{R}$, there is a constant $C(\lambda ,j,i,s)$ such that

$${\int }_0^{\pi }{\theta }^r{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta \le C(\lambda ,j,i,s)n^{-r}.$$

(3.3)

Proof Since $\frac{\theta }{\pi }\le sin\frac{\theta }{2}\le \frac{\theta }{2}$, and $sin\theta \le \theta$ for $0\le \theta \le \pi$, by ${\mathrm{\Omega }}_{n;j,i,s}\asymp n^{4is-2\lambda -1}$, we have

$$\begin{array}{c}{\int }_0^{\pi }{\theta }^r{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta \hfill \\ \le C(\lambda ,i,j,s)n^{-4is+2\lambda +1}{\int }_0^{\pi }{\theta }^r{\left(\frac{{sin}^{2j}\frac{n\theta }{2}}{{sin}^{2i}\frac{\theta }{2}}\right)}^{2s}{sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta \hfill \\ \le C(\lambda ,i,j,s)n^{-4is+2\lambda +1}{n}^{4is-r-2\lambda -1}{\int }_0^{n\pi /2}{t}^{r+2\lambda }{\left(\frac{{sin}^{2j}t}{t^{2i}}\right)}^{2s}dt\hfill \\ \le C(\lambda ,i,j,s)n^{-r}({\int }_0^{\pi /2}{t}^{r+2\lambda }{\left(\frac{{sin}^{2j}t}{t^{2i}}\right)}^{2s}dt+{\int }_{\pi /2}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{t}^{r+2\lambda }{\left(\frac{{sin}^{2j}t}{t^{2i}}\right)}^{2s}dt)\hfill \\ \le C(\lambda ,j,i,s)C_2{n}^{\lambda }\le C(\lambda ,j,i,s)n^{\lambda },\hfill \end{array}$$

where

$$C_2={\int }_0^{\pi /2}{t}^{\lambda }{\left(\frac{{sin}^{2j}t}{t^{2i}}\right)}^{2s}dt+{\int }_{\pi /2}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{t}^{\lambda }{\left(\frac{{sin}^{2j}t}{t^{2i}}\right)}^{2s}dt,4is>r+2\lambda +1,j\ge i.$$

 □

Lemma 3.3 (see [9])

Suppose that $g\in C^2(\mathbb{S})$. Then, for $\varpi \in (S)$ and $0<t<\frac{\pi }{2}$, we have

$$B_t(g,\varpi )-g(\varpi )=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Phi }(t)}{\int }_0^t{sin}^{d-2}\theta d\theta {\int }_0^{\theta }\frac{1}{{sin}^{d-2}u}\mathrm{\Phi }(u)B_u(\mathfrak{D}g,\varpi )du,$$

(3.4)

$$T_{\theta }(g;\varpi )-g(\varpi )=\frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }(\frac{d-1}{2})}{2{\pi }^{\frac{d-1}{2}}}{\int }_0^{\theta }\frac{\mathrm{\Phi }(t)}{{sin}^{d-2}t}{B}_t(\mathfrak{D}g,\varpi )dt,$$

(3.5)

where

$$B_t(f,\varpi )=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Phi }(t)}{\int }_{cost\le 〈\varpi ,\vartheta 〉\le 1}f(\vartheta )d\vartheta ,t>0,\varpi ,\vartheta \in {\mathbb{S}}^{d-1},$$

$\mathrm{\Phi }(t)=\frac{2{\pi }^{\frac{d-1}{2}}}{\mathrm{\Gamma }(\frac{d-1}{2})}{\int }_0^t{sin}^{d-2}udu$.

Lemma 3.4 Let $g,\mathfrak{D}g,{\mathfrak{D}}^{2}g\in \mathit{Ba}$, $\mathit{Ba}:={\bigcap }_{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{L}_{p_m}(\mathbb{S})$, $m=1,2,\dots$ , $1\le p_m\le \mathrm{\infty }$, $J_{n;j,i,s}(f;\varpi )$ be the Jackson-Matsuoka polynomial on the unit sphere based on the Jackson-Matsuoka kernel, $4is>d+3$. Then there is a constant $C(d,j,i,s)$ such that

$${\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}g-g-\alpha (n)\mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\le C(d,j,i,s)n^{-4}{\parallel {\mathfrak{D}}^{2}g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}},$$

(3.6)

where $\alpha (n)\asymp n^{-2}$.

Proof For $m\in \mathbb{N}$, by (3.5), we have

$$\begin{array}{c}{J}_{n;j,i,s}(g;\varpi )-g(\varpi )\hfill \\ ={\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta )(T_{\theta }(g;\varpi )-g(\varpi )){sin}^{d-2}\theta d\theta \hfill \\ ={\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{d-2}\theta d\theta \frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }(\frac{d-1}{2})}{2{\pi }^{\frac{d-1}{2}}}{\int }_0^{\theta }\frac{\mathrm{\Phi }(t)}{{sin}^{d-2}t}{B}_t(\mathfrak{D}g,\varpi )dt\hfill \\ =\mathfrak{D}g(\varpi ){\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{d-2}\theta d\theta \frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }(\frac{d-1}{2})}{2{\pi }^{\frac{d-1}{2}}}{\int }_0^{\theta }\frac{\mathrm{\Phi }(t)}{{sin}^{d-2}t}dt\hfill \\ +{\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{d-2}\theta d\theta \frac{\mathrm{\Gamma }(\frac{d-1}{2})}{2{\pi }^{\frac{d-1}{2}}}{\int }_0^{\theta }\frac{\mathrm{\Phi }(t)}{{sin}^{d-2}t}(B_t(\mathfrak{D}g,\varpi )-\mathfrak{D}g(\varpi ))dt\hfill \\ \times {\int }_0^t{sin}^{d-2}u(B_t(\mathfrak{D}g,\varpi )-\mathfrak{D}g(\varpi ))du\hfill \\ =\mathfrak{D}g(\varpi ){\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{d-2}\theta d\theta {\int }_0^{\theta }\frac{dt}{{sin}^{d-2}t}{\int }_0^t{sin}^{d-2}udu\hfill \\ +{\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{d-2}\theta d\theta {\int }_0^{\theta }\frac{dt}{{sin}^{d-2}t}{\int }_0^t{sin}^{d-2}u(B_t(\mathfrak{D}g,\varpi )-\mathfrak{D}g(\varpi ))du\hfill \\ :=\alpha (n)\mathfrak{D}g(\varpi )+{\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{d-2}\theta {\mathrm{\Psi }}_{\theta }(g,\varpi )d\theta ,\hfill \end{array}$$

(3.7)

where

$$\alpha (n):={\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{d-2}\theta d\theta {\int }_0^{\theta }\frac{dt}{{sin}^{d-2}t}{\int }_0^t{sin}^{d-2}udu$$

and

$$\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\Psi }}_{\theta }(g,\varpi ):={\int }_0^{\theta }\frac{dt}{{sin}^{d-2}t}{\int }_0^t{sin}^{d-2}u(B_t(\mathfrak{D}g,\varpi )-\mathfrak{D}g(\varpi ))du,\hfill \\ \alpha (n)={\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{d-2}\theta d\theta {\int }_0^{\theta }\frac{dt}{{sin}^{d-2}t}{\int }_0^t{sin}^{d-2}udu\hfill \\ \phantom{\alpha (n)}\asymp {\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{d-2}\theta d\theta {\int }_0^{\theta }\frac{t{sin}^{d-2}\xi }{{sin}^{d-2}t}dt\hfill \\ \phantom{\alpha (n)}\asymp {\int }_0^{\pi }{\theta }^2{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{d-2}\theta d\theta \asymp n^{-2}(0<\xi <t).\hfill \end{array}$$

(3.8)

Using Lemma 3.3, and the expression of $B_t(\mathfrak{D}g,\varpi )-\mathfrak{D}g$, we obtain

$${\parallel {\mathrm{\Psi }}_{\theta }(g)\parallel }_{p_m}\le C(d,j,i,s){\theta }^4{\parallel {\mathfrak{D}}^{2}g\parallel }_{p_m}.$$

By Lemma 3.2, and the Hölder-Minkowski inequality we get

$$\begin{array}{c}{\parallel {\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{d-2}\theta {\mathrm{\Psi }}_{\theta }(g,\varpi )d\theta \parallel }_{p_m}\hfill \\ \le C(d,j,i,s){\parallel {\mathfrak{D}}^{2}g\parallel }_{p_m}{\int }_0^{\pi }{\theta }^4{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{d-2}\theta d\theta \le C(d,j,i,s)n^{-4}{\parallel {\mathfrak{D}}^{2}g\parallel }_{p_m}.\hfill \end{array}$$

(3.9)

Consequently, by (3.7), (3.8), and (3.9), we get

$${\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}g-g-\alpha (n)\mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{p_m}\le C(d,j,i,s)n^{-4}{\parallel {\mathfrak{D}}^{2}g\parallel }_{p_m}.$$

(3.10)

By Lemma 2.2, we have

$$\begin{array}{c}{\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}g-g-\alpha (n)\mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\hfill \\ =\underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{a_m}{{\alpha }^m}{\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}g-g-\alpha (n)\mathfrak{D}g\parallel }_{p_m}^m\le 1\}\hfill \\ \le \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{a_m}{{\alpha }^m}C(d,j,i,s)n^{-4}{\parallel {\mathfrak{D}}^{2}g\parallel }_{p_m}^m\le 1\}\hfill \\ \le \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{q^m\cdot C^m}{{\alpha }^m}C(d,j,i,s)n^{-4}{\parallel {\mathfrak{D}}^{2}g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}^m\le 1\}\hfill \\ \le C(d,j,i,s,q,\mu )n^{-4}{\parallel {\mathfrak{D}}^{2}g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}.\hfill \end{array}$$

The proof is completed. □

4 Main results

Theorem 4.1 Suppose that $f\in \mathit{Ba}:={\bigcap }_{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{L}_{p_m}(\mathbb{S})$, $m=1,2,\dots$ , $1\le p_m\le \mathrm{\infty }$, $J_{n;j,i,s}(f;\varpi )$ be the Jackson-Matsuoka polynomial on the unit sphere based on the Jackson-Matsuoka kernel, $4is>d+3$, $2\lambda =d-2$, $j\ge i$. Then

$${\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}(f)-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\le C(d,j,i,s)\omega {(f;n^{-1})}_{\mathit{Ba}}.$$

(4.1)

Proof Since $(f_0\ast M_{n;j,i,s})(\varpi )=1$ for $f_0(\varpi )=1$, Therefore, we have

$$\begin{array}{c}{\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}(f)-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\hfill \\ =\underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{a_m}{{\alpha }^m}{\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}(f)-f\parallel }_{p_m}^m\le 1\}\hfill \\ \le \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{a_m}{{\alpha }^m}{\parallel {\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta )(f(x)-T_{\theta }(f;x)){sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta \parallel }_{p_m}^m\le 1\}\hfill \\ \le \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{a_m}{{\alpha }^m}{({\int }_0^{\pi }{\parallel f-T_{\theta }(f)\parallel }_{p_m}{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta )}^m\le 1\}\hfill \\ \le \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{q^m\cdot C^m}{{\alpha }^m}{({\int }_0^{\pi }{\parallel f-T_{\theta }(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta )}^m\le 1\}.\hfill \end{array}$$

(4.2)

Splitting the integral on $[0,\pi ]$ into two integrals on $[0,1/n]$ and $[1/n,\pi ]$, respectively, and using the definition of $\omega {(f;t)}_{\mathit{Ba}}$, we conclude that

$${\parallel f-T_{\theta }(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\le \omega {(f;n^{-1})}_{\mathit{Ba}}+{\int }_{1/n}^{\pi }\omega {(f;\theta )}_{\mathit{Ba}}{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta .$$

(4.3)

From Corollary 2.4 we have, for $\theta \ge n^{-1}$,

$$\omega {(f;\theta )}_{\mathit{Ba}}=\omega {(f;n^{-1})}_{\mathit{Ba}}\le Cmax\{1,n^2{\theta }^2\}\omega {(f;n^{-1})}_{\mathit{Ba}}\le C{n}^2{\theta }^2\omega {(f;n^{-1})}_{\mathit{Ba}}.$$

(4.4)

By (4.3), (4.4), and Lemma 3.1, we get

$${\parallel f-T_{\theta }(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\le C\omega {(f;\theta )}_{\mathit{Ba}}.$$

(4.5)

Therefore, by (4.2), (4.5), we have

$$\begin{array}{c}{\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}(f)-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\hfill \\ \le \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{q^m\cdot C^m}{{\alpha }^m}{({\int }_0^{\pi }\omega {(f;n^{-1})}_{\mathit{Ba}}{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta )}^m\le 1\}\hfill \\ =\underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{q^m\cdot C^m}{{\alpha }^m}{\left(\omega {(f;n^{-1})}_{\mathit{Ba}}\right)}^m\le 1\}\hfill \\ \le C(d,j,i,s,q,\mu )\omega {(f;n^{-1})}_{\mathit{Ba}}.\hfill \end{array}$$

(4.6)

 □

Theorem 4.2 Suppose that $f\in \mathit{Ba}:={\bigcap }_{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{L}_{p_m}(\mathbb{S})$, $1\le p_m\le \mathrm{\infty }$, $J_{n;j,i,s}(f;x)$ is the Jackson-Matsuoka polynomial on the unit sphere based on the Jackson-Matsuoka kernel, $4is>d+3$, $2\lambda =d-2$, $j\ge i$, $0<\alpha <1$. Then the following statements are equivalent:

$$(1){\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}(f)-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}=O\left(n^{-\alpha }\right),n\ge 2;$$

(4.7)

$$(2)\omega {(f;n^{-1})}_{\mathit{Ba}}=O\left(t^{\alpha }\right),0<t<1.$$

(4.8)

Proof By Theorem 4.1, we have (2) ⇒ (1). Now, we prove (1) ⇒ (2). Let r be a fixed positive integer, defined by

$$J_{n;j,i,s}^r(f;\varpi ):=\sum _{k=0}^r{({\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta )Q_k^{\lambda }(cos\theta ){sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta )}^r{Y}_k(f;\varpi ).$$

By orthogonality of the orthogonal projector $Y_k$, we have

$$\begin{array}{rcl}{J}^{r+l}(f)& =& \sum _{k=0}^r{({\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta )Q_k^{\lambda }(cos\theta ){sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta )}^r\\ \times Y_k(\sum _{v=0}^r{({\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta )Q_v^{\lambda }(cos\theta ){sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta )}^l{Y}_v(f))\\ =& J_{n;j,i,s}^r(J_{n;j,i,s}^l(f)).\end{array}$$

(4.9)

Let $g=J_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)$, by (4.9) we get

$$\begin{array}{rcl}{\parallel f-g\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}& =& \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{a_m}{{\alpha }^m}{\parallel f-g\parallel }_{p_m}^m\le 1\}\\ =& \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{a_m}{{\alpha }^m}{\parallel f-J_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{p_m}^m\le 1\}\\ \le & \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{a_m}{{\alpha }^m}{\left(\sum _{k=1}^r{\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}^{k-1}(f)-J_{n;j,i,s}^k(f)\parallel }_{p_m}\right)}^m\le 1\}\\ \le & \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{a_m}{{\alpha }^m}{(C(d,j,i,s)\sum _{k=1}^r{\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}^{k-1}(f-J_{n;j,i,s}(f))\parallel }_{p_m})}^m\le 1\}\\ \le & \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{a_m}{{\alpha }^m}C(d,j,i,s)r{\parallel f-J_{n;j,i,s}(f)\parallel }_{p_m}^m\le 1\}\\ \le & \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{q^m\cdot C_1^m(d,j,i,s,r)}{{\alpha }^m}{\parallel f-J_{n;j,i,s}(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}^m\le 1\}\\ \le & C(d,j,i,s,r,q,\mu ){\parallel f-J_{n;j,i,s}(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}},\end{array}$$

(4.10)

where $J_{n;j,i,s}^0(f)=f$.

On the other hand,

$${\parallel \mathfrak{D}{J}_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{p_m}\le \sum _{k=0}^{r}k(k+d-2){({\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta )|Q_k^{\lambda }(cos\theta )\left|{sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta \right)}^r{Y}_k(f).$$

Note that [10]

$$|Q_k^{\lambda }(cos\theta )|\equiv \left|\frac{C_k^{\lambda }(cos\theta )}{C_k^{\lambda }(1)}\right|\le Cmin\{{(k\theta )}^{-1},1\}.$$

For $k\theta \ge 1$, from (2.4) we have

$$\begin{array}{c}{\parallel \mathfrak{D}{J}_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{p_m}\hfill \\ \le C(d,j,i,s){\parallel \sum _{k=0}^{r}k(k+d-2)k^{-r\lambda }{({\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){\theta }^{-\lambda }{sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta )}^r{Y}_k(f)\parallel }_{p_m}\hfill \\ \le C(d,j,i,s)n^{r\lambda }{\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}\sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{k}^{2-r\lambda }\le C(d,j,i,s)n^{r\lambda }{\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}\hfill \end{array}$$

(4.11)

holds for $r>\frac{6}{d-2}$. For $k\theta <1$, by Lemma 3.2, we get

$$\begin{array}{c}{\parallel \mathfrak{D}{J}_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{p_m}\hfill \\ \le {\parallel \sum _{k=0}^r{({\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){\theta }^{-\frac{2}{r}}{({\theta }^{2}k(k+d-2))}^{\frac{1}{r}}|Q_k^{\lambda }(cos\theta )\left|{sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta \right)}^r{Y}_k(f)\parallel }_{p_m}\hfill \\ \le C(d,j,i,s){\parallel \sum _{k=0}^r{({\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){\theta }^{-\frac{2}{r}}{\left({(k\theta )}^2\right)}^{\frac{2}{r}}{sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta )}^r{Y}_k(f)\parallel }_{p_m}\hfill \\ \le C(d,j,i,s){\parallel \sum _{k=0}^r{({\int }_0^{\pi }{M}_{n;j,i,s}(\theta ){\theta }^{-\frac{2}{r}}{sin}^{2\lambda }\theta d\theta )}^r{Y}_k(f)\parallel }_{p_m}\hfill \\ \le C(d,j,i,s)n^2{\parallel \sum _{k=0}^{\mathrm{\infty }}{Y}_k(f)\parallel }_{p_m}\le C(d,j,i,s)n^2{\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}.\hfill \end{array}$$

(4.12)

Consequently, the inequality

$${\parallel \mathfrak{D}{J}_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{p_m}\le C(d,j,i,s)n^2{\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}$$

(4.13)

holds uniformly for $r>\frac{6}{d-2}$. Thereby

$$\begin{array}{c}{\parallel \mathfrak{D}{J}_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\hfill \\ =\underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{a_m}{{\alpha }^m}{\parallel \mathfrak{D}{J}_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{p_m}\le 1\}\hfill \\ \le \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{a_m}{{\alpha }^m}C(d,j,i,s)n^2{\parallel f\parallel }_{p_m}\le 1\}\hfill \\ \le \underset{\alpha >0}{inf}\{\alpha :\sum _{m=1}^{\mathrm{\infty }}\frac{q^m\cdot C^m}{{\alpha }^m}C(d,j,i,s)n^2{\parallel f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\le 1\}\hfill \\ \le C(d,j,i,s,q,\mu )n^2{\parallel f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}.\hfill \end{array}$$

(4.14)

Without loss of generality, we may assume $r_1>\frac{6}{d-2}$, $r>r_1+\frac{6}{d-2}$. Using Lemma 3.4 and (4.9), we have

$$\begin{array}{rcl}\alpha (n){\parallel \mathfrak{D}{J}_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}& =& {\parallel \alpha (n)\mathfrak{D}{J}_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\\ \le & {\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}+C(d,j,i,s)n^{-2}{\parallel {\mathfrak{D}}^2{J}_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\\ \le & r{\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}(f)-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}+C(d,j,i,s)n^{-2}{\parallel {\mathfrak{D}}^2{J}_{n;j,i,s}^{r-r_1}(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\\ \le & r{\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}(f)-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\\ +C(d,j,i,s)(n^{-2}{\parallel \mathfrak{D}{J}_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}+n^{-2}{\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)-J_{n;j,i,s}^{r-r_1}(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}})\\ \le & r{\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}(f)-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\\ +C(d,j,i,s)(n^{-2}{\parallel \mathfrak{D}{J}_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}+{\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}^{r_1}(f)-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}})\\ \le & C(d,j,i,s,r)({\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}(f)-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}+n^{-2}{\parallel \mathfrak{D}{J}_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}})\\ \le & C(d,j,i,s,r,q,\mu )({\parallel J_{n;j,i,s}(f)-f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}+{\parallel f\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}).\end{array}$$

(4.15)

Consequently, considering $n^{-2}{\parallel \mathfrak{D}{J}_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}\le C(d,j,i,s,r,q,\mu ){\parallel f-J_{n;j,i,s}(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}$, by the definition of $K{(f;t^2)}_{\mathit{Ba}}$, and Theorem 2.3, we have

$$\begin{array}{rcl}\omega {(f;n^{-1})}_{\mathit{Ba}}& \le & CK{(f;n^{-2})}_{\mathit{Ba}}\\ \le & C({\parallel f-J_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}+n^{-2}{\parallel \mathfrak{D}{J}_{n;j,i,s}^r(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}})\\ \le & C(d,j,i,s,r,q,\mu ){\parallel f-J_{n;j,i,s}(f)\parallel }_{\mathit{Ba}}.\end{array}$$

(4.16)

In view of (4.7), we get

$$\omega {(f;n^{-1})}_{\mathit{Ba}}\le C(d,j,i,s,r,q,\mu )n^{-\alpha }.$$

(4.17)

Let ${(n+1)}^{-1}<t\le n^{-1}$, we have

$$\begin{array}{rcl}\omega {(f;t)}_{\mathit{Ba}}& \le & \omega {(f;n^{-1})}_{\mathit{Ba}}\le C(d,j,i,s,r,q,\mu ){\left(\frac{n}{n+1}\right)}^{-\alpha }{(n+1)}^{-\alpha }\\ \le & C(d,j,i,s){(n+1)}^{-\alpha }\le C(d,j,i,s,r,q,\mu )t^{\alpha }.\end{array}$$

(4.18)

The proof is completed. □